Epistemology: Journal of Islamic Studies

Author(s):

Dr Usman Ahmad

Abstract:

The Quran is the final and absolute book of divine guidance having limited words but unlimited meanings. The thousands of Quranic interpretations written in years from primitive era to date reveal the fact that Quranic meaningfulness is infinite. However, the methodology of inferring and deriving from Quranic verses effects the interpretations. The pre-determination of an interpreter always has a vital impact upon his explanations of the Quranic text. If some exegetist is committed to extract some connotations connected to scientific theories, inventions and discoveries from the Quran, he will derive something vehemently. Many Quranic interpreters had elucidated the Quranic verses keeping in mind the scientific theories and inventions but their interpretations seem not valid as they have asserted rather deciphered. The article has been written to analyse such interpretations critically.

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Author(s):

Kosar Parveen

Abstract:

The Holy Qurʻān is the divine book of Allah almighty that is guideline for mankind in every aspect of life. Splendid rules have been prescribed about family life including marriage, progeny and sanctity of relations. As Islam presents fabulous example of tolerance so in its attitude to the question of interfaith marriages, the situation is different from Judaism and Christianity. Islam allows interfaith marriages with some terms and conditions. An attempt has been made to define affixed rules regarding interfaith marriages in the light of the Holy Qurʻān and its Exegesis.

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Interfaith marriages, Qurʻānic rules, Exegetical opinion.

Author(s):

Umme Salma

Abstract:

Islam gives the women a large basic Rights, and provide a honor able place in society, The constricted women have many rights in Islam, Women in Pakistan have always fought to stability their internal and social lives; sometimes their own relatives and blood relations cheat them and make them act a criminal. The situation is getting poorest when they imprisoned. Jails should provide correctional services but ground realities are very different. Laws are made for the protection of women but Government is fail to implement them as well. Women also in police custody or in jail are in quite horrible and horrible situation. 3% of women’s children are living in jail, more than 60%, Majority of female prisoners are illiterate and uninformed of their lawful rights. These female prisoners blamed of many crimes actually dedicated by their male It is hard to complete their physical and mental state as they do not easily discuss their problems with anyone

Keyword(s):

imprisoned women, restrained and captive, constricted women

Author(s):

Nomana Khalid

Abstract:

Economic establishment is a basic need of any nation for surviving in the present world. In current situation there is a net of multinational products and they are attracting the whole World Moreover there are other ways to occupy the developing countries and to make them paralyze through heavy loans and debts. In this article I have discussed the basic trading principles with non-Believers and their application in the light of present situation respectively. Primarily I have described theoretical principles and after that I have thrown light on the propaganda of non-believers against Islamic world. Economic matters are very important for a nation’s rise and fall. Social and political rise and fall is based on economic affairs. In this context, trading relations for a Muslim country at national and international level are much important.

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Author(s):

Dr. Muhammad Owais

Abstract:

Quran e karim is prior to all scriptures cause of its verbal and meaningful inimitability.scripture of Allah has a quality that if its one word is affiliated with before or after, it generates two differint meanings in all two conditions.its meaning enhances by stopping over in every location from both fo them. Nabi Kreem peace be upon Him himself taught his companions (sahabah) knowledge of waqoof e Quran ( to stop over in different locations of Quran) and forbade some people from stopping over wrong places and warned them.it depicts the significans of knowledge of Waqf o Ibtada, the other thing that this knowledge is one of the kinds of uloom e Quran. Quran e karim's meanings are assumed wrongly due to unawareness of this knowledge.secondly, beauty of waqaf o ibtida is perceived, which increases mental satisfaction. In this article beauty of waqaf o ibtida will be described.

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Author(s):

Hajira Mariam

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The Quranic pattern of expounding religious believes is to replicate its verses in different manners. The Quran asserts its standpoints at different places by repeating its verses with minor changes. Sometimes Quranic verses comprises on the same words but order of sentence is changed. Sometimes the Quran explains its principles by giving same examples with entirely new diction. After going through the Quran, its verses can be classified in three main categories keeping in view the Quranic methodology of replication; complete textual replication, Minor textual replication and Conotational replication. The Quranic miraculous language reveals its meaningfulness is different marvelous ways. One of the Quranic unmatchable ways to emphasize and affirm its teachings is to replicate its verses in an attractive and appealing style. The article gives handsome information on this Quranic method to impart its commandments. The literal and terminological meanings of the Arabic word “tasref” has been discussed in this article and introductory information has been produced to this Quranic method.

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Author(s):

Muhamamd Ali Zafar

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Muhammad bin Ismail Bukhari was an eminent Muhadith(compiler of Hadith) in the history of Islam. He is renowned for his most famous book Shahi Bukhari, in which he managed to compile the authentic hadiths of the Prophet (S.A.W). The current research paper presents an introductory study of three famous books of Imam Bukhari. Tareekh-e-Kabir, Tareekh-e-Awsat, and Tareekh Sagheer. These books belong to the category of Asma-ur-Rijal (biographies of the transmitters). Bukhari’s methodology to present the biographies of the transmitters has been described in this paper with the relevant examples from the text. These books of Bukhari hold the significant position in the field of the “Asma-ur-Rijal”. The current paper will be helpful to introduce the above mentioned books besides their methodology، and would facilitate the readers to take advantage of the books.

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Author(s):

Dr Zill e Huma

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The discipline of Hadith studies is one of the richest and exclusive discipline of knowledge as its branches extend to hundred. The religious scholars had written thousands monograph concerning Hadith interpretations. Many voluminous works appeared and existed and each of them is a commendable contribution to hadith explanations. One of the significant works on Hadith explanations is “Takmila Fath al Mulhim” that is the result of scholastic efforts of many years by Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani. This explanation of Hadith Book Muslim was originated and finished till the “section of Marriage” by Allama Shabbir Ahmad Usmani but he could not extend it to the last chapter due to his political engagements and later his demise closed the chapter. Molana Taqi Usmani Completed the remaining work in almost 19 years. The economic issues play key role in human life as personal survival and growth of each and every one is directly linked with financial status. The Holy Quran gives core principles for a prosperous society that is based on economic justice. The second basic source of sharia is hadith that also provides a complete model of pragmatic teachnigs for monetary dealings, Philanthropic activities and prohibited business. The Scholars of Hadith sciences have discussed all dimensions of socio economic issues in their books of hadith explanations. The famous scholar Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani in his marvelous book “Takmila Fath al Mulhim” has also discussed financial issues in detail. This article deals with his discussion probing his methodology of argumentation and preference.

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Author(s):

Hafiza Sabiha Munir

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Ilm-ul-Deraiya is one of the significant sciences of Islam. The learned hadith scholars and jurists have note only made the principals of investigating the chain of hadith )اسناد( but also made the principals of text of hadith. They have implemented/applied these principals in their research and “Diraya” is one of these principals applied to evaluate the authenticity of text of hadith and quran .This article aims to analyze the importance of Ilm-ud-Diraya and its application in science of hadith. According to Muslim scholars if any tradition/narration opposes to any verse of Quran a any authentic hadith or Ijma will be rejected.

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Author(s):

Shaista jabeen, Prof Dr M. Saad Siddiqui

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Dr. Mahmood Ahmad Ghazi was one of eminent scholars of Pakistan who is recognized due to his multidimensional contributions in academic spheres. He wrote many outstanding monographs that are commended by contemporary scholars. His famous series of “Mahadrat” is being considered a source of true knowledge for readers, students and researchers. This article deals with “Mahadrat Fiqh” (Lectures delivered on different topics Islamic jurisprudence). This book consists of twelve informative lectures that starts from introduction to Islamic jurisprudence and ends at the discussion of practicability & adjustability of Islamic jurisprudence in modern world of the day. As every Islamic scholar originates his arguments from basic sources of Quran and Sunnah but the methodology of reasoning results in variation of inferences. This article is an attempt to find out the methodology and pattern of Quranic arguments rendered in the book “Mahadrat Fiqh” by Dr. Ghazi. The article has been written in analytical mode to give some clear picture of the Quranic interpretations of Dr. Ghazi.

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Author(s):

Dr.M. Rafique

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Allah Almighty sent His Last Prophet Muhammad (SAW) to guide the mankind. The Prophet (SAW) began to address atheistic and pagan practices and deviations of Jews and Christians, all of them stood against him and opposed his teaching and message. They also tried to prevent the common people from accepting the Deen-e- Haq, the true religion. In this respect, besides the opposition of Maccans, the character of Jews and Hypocrites (so called Muslims) is horrible in Madina. They opposed the Prophet (SAW) for the sake of their socio-political supremacy and economic interest. With the help of Allah Almighty, their every conspiracy failed badly. These days this episode of negative propaganda against the Holy Prophet (SAW) and Islam is being respected by Judo- Christians and other opponents of Islam. Insha Allah, their malicious designs will prove futile as truth always triumphs.

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Author(s):

Dr.Syeda Sadia

Abstract:

The first Islamic State was established at Madina and this was a unique and model state for whole mankind due its principles and discipline. The Prophet s.a.w. is Allah’s blessing for whole humanity as he devised the primary rules of justice and impartiality and applied them in his state as a ruler. His state was state of peace, brotherhood and prosperity. His exemplary life was source of knowledge and inspiration for all regarding enforcement of law in territory. This is usual that masses disobey and violate the rules and then consider it a right to do so but his successful policies created such environment that without any fear and force all were ready to follow and comply. His basic rule of forgiveness with justice was the key to conquer the hearts of dwellers. Tool of punishment and coercive behavior was used rarely. A change in mind and hearts leaded to an integrated and cohesive environment. Everyone was with believe that ruler is his own and there is nothing against his benefits and contentment.

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Author(s):

M.Afzal

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Islam is a dynamic, practical and pragmatic religion that always gives commands according to situation and environment. When it is declared that Islam is a final, absolute and last religion, it means this is a religion of all human beings without any difference of race, tribe, geography, creed and age. If the claim is that Islam is for all, then this is necessary to prove the reality of its workability in modern era. The deep study of Holy Prophets traditions reveals that the basic principle of Islamic teachings is viability and adjustability. Islam never gives such hard and fast rules that give the feeling of imprisonment to the followers and believers. The article provides handsome information about Islamic paradigm of addressing whole humankind in a lenient pattern. The Prophets (s.a.w.) was messenger of Allah for entire human universe and his benevolence was for believers and enemies both. The article tells that life and sayings of Prophets (s.a.w.) is beautiful way towards peace, harmony and comfort.

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Author(s):

Dr.Musferah Mehfooz

Abstract:

Hazrat Esa(AS) never called his followers Christians becase he was decendent to Bani Israel for their moral and spiritual reformation and the purpose of his advent was not the establishment ofany new religion .He was just addressed to refreash and unveailthe real teaching of Hazrat Musa (AS) and by later announced prophets, which were forgotten and altered by baniisreal gradually by the passing of time. Again the history repeated itself and the teachings given by HazratEsa (AS) to his followers had diminished very soon after his ascend to heaven before his alleged crucification, a new religion was emerged with the name of chritinity was established after many exercises of different authorities of church and different councils, whose rituals and practices and was quite against the teachings and saying of HazratEsa (AS).now the founder of present Christian religion is actually “St Paul” not HazratEsa (AS) in this research the bigining of christinity its separation from lawsof Hazrat Musa (AS) and the present doctrine of christanity been discussed.

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Author(s):

Anwaar Hussain

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Sub-continent is one of fortunate territories that are blessed with galaxy of Islamic scholars who contributed in diversified Islamic fields. Qadi Athar Mubrakpuri is big name in the list of Muslim historian of sub-continent who extended such a marvelous work that can never be forgotten. He probed the Muslim history and collected jewels and gems of Islamic history for sub-continent. This would not be an exaggeration if it said that the book “Al-Iqd al-thamin” is an encyclopedia of Islamic history of subcontinent. The books gives detailed and minute information about India in early epoch of Prophet (s.a.w.) and four caliphates. The books also provides authentic information about number, name and other details of the companions of last Prophet (s.a.w.) who visited India or buried here. The pupils of the companions of the Prophet have also been discussed and very comprehensive information has been produced by Qadi Mubarakpuri. The sources of Qadi Mubarakpuri are of vast range that start from hadith and seerah to literary and poetry books of different periods.

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Author(s):

1۔Dr Muhammd Riaz Mehmood 2. Sadaf ansar

Abstract:

Most of the Orientalists have been studying Islam with the intention of casting doubts and suspicions on the Islamic thoughts and disciplines for their nefarious purposes. The renowned British Orientalist, Reynold Alleyne Nicholson is generally presented as a moderate and unbiased scholar. His main area of research was Islamic Mysticism and he is considered an authority on this particular subject in the West. The reason behind his interest in this subject was his thought that Mysticism could provide a common ground for the people of diverse faiths to understand each other better, nevertheless he considered Christian Mysticism to be superior to Islamic Mysticism. In spite of his immense interest, he was unaware of the true spirit of Islam and Islamic Mysticism. He is found criticizing Islam, the Prophet of Islam (Peace Be Upon Him), Qur’an, Hadith and other Islamic disciplines even Islamic Mysticism in his writings, lectures and speeches. The purpose of this analytical paper is to understand and investigate Nicholson’s study of Islamic Mysticism through his book “The Idea of Personality in Sufism”. In fact, this book is comprised of his three lectures on Islamic Mysticism delivered at the London University. The main objective of these lectures was to show that unlike Christianity, the personal relationships between God and man cannot be established in Islam because Muslims do not believe in a personal God. Nicholson was unable to understand how the Sufis i.e. the Islamic mystics could claim closeness to God in the absence of these personal relationships. This research paper provides a critical analysis of his understanding of Islamic Mysticism.

Keyword(s):

Christianity, Islam, Mysticism, Nicholson, Orientalism, Personality, Sufism.